Abstract:
Over the past 125 years or so the study of learning has been approached from a variety
of perspectives, some of the most prominent being (a) behavioral (observable performance), (b) cognitive (operational constructs, memory structures, and mental processes), (c) constructive (construction of mental representations by the learner rather than the teacher), (d) human (the learner as a whole person), and (e) social (the learner as a member of society). From these various approaches to the study of learning have emerged theories of learning, theories of instruction, theories of instructional design, and methods of teaching.
