Abstract:
Small islands in Indonesia have a vital role in developing social, economic, cultural,
environmental, and national sovereignty. On the other hand, small islands are also very
vulnerable to natural disasters and dynamics and/or human activities. Threats and
disasters that exist on small islands can vary according to the characteristics and
typology of the island. This study aims to identify the typology of small islands by utilizing
geospatial data to analyze geomorphological parameters, including morphology,
materials, processes, and oceanographic parameters such as the presence of coral reef
ecosystems. The stages in this research are divided into three, namely pre-field, field
measurement, and post-field. Pre-field activities include formulating the characteristics
of each island typology through literature studies and geospatial processing data, such
as DEM and SPOT 7 satellite imagery, for the preparation of thematic maps. The field
stage includes terrestrial surveys in the form of aerial photography, profiling, validation
of interpretation results, and diving. The post-field step is carried out to process and
analyze the results of the terrestrial survey conducted at the field stage. The analysis was
carried out descriptively based on the results of data processing to determine the typology
of the islands studied in this research case study. Based on the parameters that have been
set and the results of field measurements, the islands of Mare and Tidore in the North
Maluku Islands and Karimunjawa and Kemujan islands in the Karimunjawa Islands are
categorized as small volcanic islands. Meanwhile, Cemara Besar Island in the
Karimunjawa Islands is a small atoll island. Threats to small volcanic islands can be in
the form of geological disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis.
On small atoll islands, the threat that lurks is related to the lack of freshwater and the
physical-morphological dynamics of the island, which is strongly controlled by hydrooceanographic characteristics.
Keywords: geospatial, small volcanic island, small atoll island, morphology, disaster.
