Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi

Abstract

Small islands in Indonesia have a vital role in developing social, economic, cultural, environmental, and national sovereignty. On the other hand, small islands are also very vulnerable to natural disasters and dynamics and/or human activities. Threats and disasters that exist on small islands can vary according to the characteristics and typology of the island. This study aims to identify the typology of small islands by utilizing geospatial data to analyze geomorphological parameters, including morphology, materials, processes, and oceanographic parameters such as the presence of coral reef ecosystems. The stages in this research are divided into three, namely pre-field, field measurement, and post-field. Pre-field activities include formulating the characteristics of each island typology through literature studies and geospatial processing data, such as DEM and SPOT 7 satellite imagery, for the preparation of thematic maps. The field stage includes terrestrial surveys in the form of aerial photography, profiling, validation of interpretation results, and diving. The post-field step is carried out to process and analyze the results of the terrestrial survey conducted at the field stage. The analysis was carried out descriptively based on the results of data processing to determine the typology of the islands studied in this research case study. Based on the parameters that have been set and the results of field measurements, the islands of Mare and Tidore in the North Maluku Islands and Karimunjawa and Kemujan islands in the Karimunjawa Islands are categorized as small volcanic islands. Meanwhile, Cemara Besar Island in the Karimunjawa Islands is a small atoll island. Threats to small volcanic islands can be in the form of geological disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. On small atoll islands, the threat that lurks is related to the lack of freshwater and the physical-morphological dynamics of the island, which is strongly controlled by hydrooceanographic characteristics. Keywords: geospatial, small volcanic island, small atoll island, morphology, disaster.