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Indonesia has long been known to have a wealth of tradition and culture. One of the most
valuable is local knowledge to build houses. Variety of residential architecture in the archipelago
is a significant source of knowledge for better life today. In context of today’s life, some issues and
problem about the built environment are caused by human beings have forgotten their origins to
build a home. For traditional societies, build homes were not limited to the physical building per
se, but the meaning is far in, the relationship with the natural environment. Currently, ones of the
traditions of living, which is genuine marked by nomad living and communal, have been seen in
the Dayak Bukit tribes, who live in Meratus region in South Kalimantan Province. Studying the
authenticity of the tradition and houses of Dayak Bukit is very important for the architecture, as
an effort to understand the essence of living and build settlements in harmony with the natural
environment. For it reason, this paper aims to explore the origins of the tradition of living and
houses to understand the creative connectivity between the culture and the architecture. This
study uses ethnography method. In-depth interview and field observation has used as main
tactics. From the analysis, it has known that the tradition of living and houses has derived from
the cultural-cultivation of rice. To do the duty of the cultural-cultivation of rice in the beginning of
the process of farming, people have built up a lampau (open huts) on the farm as a place to rest
during the clearing process. Subsequently, lampau has developed into a pondok (hut) when the
plants should be treated until the harvest comes. During the maintenance, they stay in these huts
until harvest time and will move to the location of the fresh fields to create a new past again. At
the last, the pondok eventually evolved into a balai-adat (Dayak Bukit’s houses), which serves
traditional as well as residential places for the ceremonial phases of farming. In spite of to the
present day, the house has built to keep the essence of this pondok (hut), both in terms of
function, space and form, notwithstanding the construction and materials. The tradition and
adaptation that proved capable of giving a better life for this to make us have to learn from them. That is one of the real architecture of Indonesia.
Keywords: vernacular architecture, balai-adat, Dayak Bukit tribes, huma-cultured, huma-tradition. |
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