Abstract:
This study employed various extraction methods to determine the yield,
antityrosinase activity, and phytochemical profile of Merbau wood (MW)
extract. MW was extracted using the conventional maceration (CM)
method with 24-hour immersion, the magnetic stirrer (MS) method at 300
rpm for 45 and 60 minutes, and the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)
method for 45 minutes with a 65% amplitude. The extraction process was
repeated 3 times for each method and the filtrate was stored separately into
the first filtrate (F1), the second filtrate (F2), and the third filtrate (F3). The
results indicated that the interaction between the extraction method and the
extraction repetition influenced the yield, antityrosinase activity, and total
phenol content. MW extraction using the UAE-F1 method achieved the
highest yield (13.3776±0.308%). MW extraction with UAE-F3 exhibited
the strongest antityrosinase activity (IC50 1.548±0.102 ppm) and the
highest total phenol content (692.86±7.14 mg/g AGE). The UAE method
was identified as the optimal extraction condition, with repeated extraction
from F1 to F3. The FTIR spectrum for F1 revealed that all extracts
contained the same functional groups, namely O-H (3800-3000 cm-1) and
C=C (1600-1475 cm-1). The UAE extract demonstrated the highest
percentage of functional groups transmittance.
