Although proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) is one of protected animals and is stated as the identity fauna of South Kalimantan Province and its distribution in this province is poorly documented. The main objectives of the preliminary research were to understand distribution and habitat type of proboscis monkey inhabiting Barito Kuala District. The results show that l) population of proboscis monkeys is a minimum of 289 individuals and 22,14% of this population inhabits the protected areas, 2) habitat types are not only mangrove forest and riparian forest, but also galam (Melaleuca cajuputi) forest and plantations of fruit (Nephelium lappaceum) and rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and 3) in each type habitat, there are factors affecting positively and negatively on conservation of proboscis monkey. Some negative factors are conversion of galam forest to be rice yield, negative attitude of people on proboscis monkey sustainable, lack of people knowledge on this animal status and opinion that this animal is a pest.