Distribution and status of the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) out of conservation area of Banjar Regency had been never documented. The objectives of the research were to invent locations of the proboscis monkey, estimate its population and identify the factors affecting the population. The research methods were interview to the people and direct survey to the location. Of 13 locations, the proboscis monkey was observed in six locations (62 individu).In the six next locations visited, the proboscis monkey was not found. In the three locations however, habitat condition and people information showed the presence of the proboscis monkey. In the three rest locations, the primate was local extinct. One location was not visited, because of its accessibility. The factors decreasing this primate population are conversion of land (from forest to either rice field, palm oil plantation, mining infrastructure, or ressetlement) and land/forest fire occurring currently. Key words: