Abstract:
This study employed various extraction techniques to determine the yield,
phytochemical profile, and antityrosinase activity of merbau wood (Intsia
bijuga (Colebr.) Kuntze) extracts. The extraction techniques consisted of
two factors: the type of extraction methods (conventional maceration –
CM, ultrasound-assisted extraction – UAE, and magnetic stirrer – MS) and
the number of extraction repetitions (first repetition – F1, second repetition – F2, and third repetition – F3). The interaction of the extraction methods
and the number of extractions affects the extraction yield, antityrosinase
activity, and its phytochemical profile. Merbau wood extracted using the
UAE-F1 extraction method resulted in the highest yield (13.38%). In
contrast, the UAE-F3 extract showed the strongest antityrosinase activity
(IC50 value of 1.548 ppm) and the highest total phenol content (692.86 mg/g
AGE). Fourier transform infrared analysis of the F1 extract showed that
all samples contained the same functional groups, namely C=C (1600
1475 cm-1) and O-H (3800–3000 cm-1), indicating structural similarity
among the extracts. Merbau wood extraction using the UAE method, both
in the first, second, and third extractions, produced the highest yield,
antityrosinase activity, and total phenol content of the extract compared to
the CM and MS extraction methods.
