Abstract:
Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated
with changes that occur in the peripheral circulation that affect
foot functions. Therefore, there is a need for a risk prediction test
on foot abnormalities using the leg pain response parameters in
T2DM patients with ankle-brachial index (ABI) and peripheral
sensory changes as a preventive effort to manage foot care.
Design and Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional
design in which 63 T2DM patients in a Public Health Center
(PHC) in Malang were investigated. The instruments used include
visual analog scale (VAS), monofilament, and foot doppler.
Results: The Pearson correlation test showed no relationship
between the responses to leg pain and the ABI of the right and left
feet (p-values = 0.217 and 0.692), but there was a significant relationship
between the left foot ABI and sensory status (p-value
0.002; left foot r = 0.383). Meanwhile, the Pearson’s correlation
and linear regression test also showed a relationship between the
right foot ABI and sensory status (p-value = 0.007; r = 0.338).
Furthermore, a multiple linear regression test showed a relationship
between the leg pain response and sensory perception of the
right and left feet (p-value = 0.035; r = 0.325).
Conclusions: The relationship between the sensory status of
the right and left feet and the response to leg pain in T2DM
patients were moderate with a negative direction. It, therefore,
implies that a decrease in the sensory responses increased the leg
pain. Meanwhile, the moderate relationship and positive direction
between the ABI and sensory status of the feet of T2DM patients
indicates that a higher ABI score led to an increase in the sensory
status of the foot.
