Abstract:
Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is significantly associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Syzygium polyanthum is a plant rich in
pharmacological properties. Aims: To evaluate the anti-inflammation and antioxidant potential of S. polyanthum bioactive compounds using in silico
approach.
Methods: The S. polyanthum was extracted using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method, and the bioactive compounds were screened using Liquid
Chromatography–High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis. This study predicted the biological activity of S. polyanthum compounds using
PASS Online server. Before docking, we analyzed the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network of TNFα, NF-B, SOD, and KEAP1. The molecular docking was
done using Autodock Vina in PyRx software and visualized using Discovery Studio. Probability to be active (Pa) was determined.
Results: The bioactive compounds found in S. polyanthum and used in this study were deoxyphomalone, NCGC00169066-01, and phloretin with retention
times [min] of 0.886, 0.907, and 8.323, respectively. The predicted biological activity of compounds and controls were anti-inflammatory,
immunosuppressant, TNF expression inhibitor, immunomodulatory and HIF1α expression inhibitor (Pa>0.5 for all S. polyanthum compounds and Pa<0.5 for
SPD304, MG-132, and MDF). Based on PPIs network analysis, TNFα, NF-B, SOD, and KEAP1 are associated. The molecular docking analysis showed that
deoxyphomalone, NCGC00169066-01, and phloretin had inhibition potential against TNFα and NF-B, and activation potential against SOD, due to several
residues involved in the interaction of compounds-protein was the same as the interaction of inhibitor (SPD-304 and MG-132) and activator (gallic acid)
control against the protein. The residues may have the same inhibition or activation mechanism as the control. However, S. polyanthum bioactive compounds
may still have inhibition potential against KEAP1 through Ala548 residue that is also involved in the interaction of DMF-KEAP1.
Conclusions: The bioactive compounds of S. polyanthum showed anti-inflammation and antioxidant potential, which may have a good effect in the treatment
of PCOS, yet still need to be confirmed in vitro or in vivo research.
