Abstract:
This study was aimed to evaluate the biomarkers used to mark the
formation of reparative dentin on an exposed pulp following application
of combination of herbal extracts with Ca(OH)2 as a potential pulp
capping material. Databases are obtained from PUBMED, Wiley Online
Library, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect for the last 10 years from
2013 to 2023. The keywords used to search for electronic articles are:
(herbal extract OR natural product OR natural medicine) AND (direct
pulp capping) AND (reparative dentin). Screening of full-text articles
included in the systematic review based on inclusion and exclusion
criteria. A structured Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome of
the review was as follows: Population: formation of reparative dentin;
Intervention: combination of herbal extracts and Ca(OH)2; Comparison:
Ca(OH)2; Main Outcome: biomarkers. The study selection process was
included in the data using PRISMA-2020. We assessed the risk of bias
using SYRCLE's Rob tool. The search yielded a total of 8 articles that
fulfilled the eligibility criteria. We found the biomarkers used to evaluate
the herbal extract (cocoa pod husk, green tea, propolis, mauli banana
stem) combined with Ca(OH)2 on the reparative dentin formation
process, namely macrophage, NF-kβ, TNF-α IL-1, IL-8, IL-12, IL-6,
IFN δ; IL-10, p38 MAPK, VEGF, TGF‐β, DMP-1, ALP and type 1
collagen. Studies showed that limited type of biomarker used to evaluate
the effect the herbal extract combined with Ca(OH)2 as the potential pulp
capping material on the process of reparative dentin formation. Further
studies should be directed to evaluate other biomarkers to asses reparative dentin formation
