Abstract:
State spending to deal with stroke is quite large every year due to the high incidence of stroke.
Data from the Ministry of Health of Indonesia mentions an increasing number in health financing
every year, the country financed stroke services by 2.56 trillion in 2018. The magnitude of the
incidence of stroke can be lowered by controlling the risk factors of stroke. This study aimed to
identify stroke risk factors, both those modifiable risk factors and irreversible risk factors.
Research is conducted with a literature review using descriptive study methods or correlation
analysis with cross sectional approaches. Sixteen articles identified from Google scholars and
Garuda databases in the 2015-2020 range, and were analysed using JBI critical appraisal toolschecklist for analytical cross-sectional studies and JBI critical appraisal tools-checklist for
prevalence studies. Synthesis narrative was used to analyse the articles. Out of 16 articles
examined the modifiable risk factors were hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, lack of
physical activity, blood sugar levels, cholesterol levels in blood, alcohol and drug consumption,
kidney disease, tuberculosis, heart disease, heart failure, obesity, central obesity, atrial fibrillation
and also smoking are declared associated with the incidence of stroke. The irreversible risk factors
are age, gender, education, family history, income employment, previous stroke history, and rural
and urban distribution. Risk factors divided into two categories modifiable risk factors and
irreversible risk factors. It is important to know the risk factors of stroke in order prevent the
occurrence of stroke as early as possible by avoiding modifiable stroke risk factors. Hypertension,
smoking, diabetes mellitus obesity, dyslipidemia, and lack of activity are the most modifiable
stroke risk factors identified in the articles. The most irreversible risk factors identified in the
article are age, gender, and level of education.
Keywords: Stroke; CVA; Risk factors
