Abstract:
Background: teenagers who smoke are very susceptible to product degradation which is
seen in the low quality of human resources. Identification of risk factors needed as a first
step before health interventions to prevent and reduce smoking rates in adolescents.
Aim: this study aims to analyze the risk factors for smoking behavior in adolescents through
the health believe model approach.
Methods: the design of this study is observational using a cross-sectional approach with the
sample size, namely, 156 respondents. The instrument planned to be used in this study is a
questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. This study has received
permission from relevant parties, including having received approval from the ulm fk ethics
commission. The variables to be studied are, dependent: smoking and independent
behavior: gender, knowledge, attitude, parental influence, peer influence, and cigarette
advertising. The data analysis used chi-square test and fisher’s exact test with a significance
level of p < 0.05.
Results: frequency distribution, 139 (89.1%) respondents do not smoke, 81 (51.9%)
respondents were female, 147 (5.8%) respondents are well-informed, and 141 (90.4%)
respondents have a positive attitude, the number of respondents who are not affected by the
smoking behavior of the elderly is 142 people (91%). Number of respondents who are not
affected by peer smoking behaviors is 150 people (96.2%) and 144 people (92.3%) of the
respondents were exposed to cigarette advertisements in the high category. Statistical tests
show that the variables that have a significant relationship with smoking behavior are gender
(p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.000), parental influence (p = 0.000), and cigarette advertising (p =
0.000).
Conclusions: there are four variables which have a relationship with smoking behavior,
namely, there is a relationship between gender, attitude, the influence of parents, and
cigarette advertising with smoking behavior.
Keywords: behavior; health belief model; smoking; teenagers
