Abstract:
Genetic diversity and population structure analyses are important tools which can
be used towards improving the plant species. Baccaurea angulata commonly known
as red star fruit, belongs to the family Phyllantacheae, and used as an underutilized
species and source for food and medicine. However, the genetic information about
the said species are lacking because no such detailed studies have been carried out
before. Present study aims to determine the genetic diversity in different accession
of B. angulata which can provide important about the base line for further
improvement and also to conserve for future. Twenty-five inter-simple sequence
repeat (ISSR) primers were used to investigate the genetic diversity in 75
accessions of B. angulata collected from different locations in the Kalimantan and
Natuna Islands, Indonesia. Analysis of 75 accessions of B. angulata through 25
ISSR primers produced 234 loci with 230 polymorphic loci (98.28%). The markers
were highly informative with average polymorphic information content (PIC) of
0.90. The genetic diversity of B. angulata was categorized as high [Nei's genetic
diversity (Na) = 1.20 – 1.70, effective number of alleles (Ne) = 1.12–1.46,
Shannon's information index (I) = 0.07 – 0.26, gene diversity (H) = 0.11–0.38].
The genetic diversity within the population was higher (60%) than that among
populations of different areas (40%). Cluster analysis using the unweighted pair
group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) method which divided the B. angulata
accessions into four different groups at a similarity coefficient index of 0.67, and to
cluster the accessions according to their geographic distribution. Similarly,
population genetic structure analysis using the Bayesian method grouped the 75
accessions of B. angulata into four gene pools. This study emphasizes that there is
need for more attention to study such minor and underutilized species for utilization
and future conservation.
Key words: Baccaurea angulata, genetic diversity, ISSR primers, population
structure Kalimantan and Natuna Island, Indonesia
