Abstract:
Increasing rice consumption demand in Indonesia has provided serious problems
such as food insecurity. Being the major staple food, rice production is the main
priority of medium and long term development planning in Indonesia. Local rice
production is strongly affected by climate conditions, especially in South Kalimantan.
Nowadays, the world must adjust to climate change. One of significant effects of
changing climate on agriculture is related to productivity. Evapotranspiration is the
major cause of loss of water needed, for agricultural requirements. The crop requires
effective irrigation system with adequate water amount. The main objective of this
research is to analyze the water requirements for the irrigation units in Barito Kuala,
South Kalimantan concerning local rice cultivation under the climate change
scenarios. Supposed rainfall during the 2050s and 2090s are obtained from four
downscaled circulated models and one model for projected temperature under
CMIP5 with RCPs 8.5 scenario. Penman-Monteith method was used to calculate
the evapotranspiration value. Based on future effective rainfall water requirement is
estimated. The result shows the impact of climate change on the water irrigation
requirement of local paddy cultivation are 56% and 25% higher than current
condition in July and September October respectively.
Keywords: climate change, local rice production, evapotranspiration, water
irrigation requirement
