The objective of this research was to study potency of indigenous rice cropping system in conserving natural enemies of pests (predators and parasitoids) in back swampland of South Kalimantan. The research was begun with a field survey of the major pest intensity of rice plant in back swampland, either from indigenous or conventional cropping systems. Collection of natural enemies was done three times on each research location i.e; at the time of taradak, lacak, and planting in the field. Result showed that the major pest of rice plant on back swampland was brown plant hopper with attack intensity of 42.5%. Species richness of predators on indigenous cropping system tended to be higher, with values of 1,573; 2,275; and 3,119 for taradak, lacak, and planting time, respectively, compared with the conventional one of 1,559; 1,737; and 3,069, respectively. Similarly for species richness values of parasitoid on the indigenous cropping system were 2,232; 2,569; and 2,597, respectively compared with the conventional as 0,736; 1,674; and 2,552, respectively. Generally, it could be concluded that the indigenous cropping system had the potency to conserve the natural enemies (predators and parasitoids) that rolled as control agents, especially in the implementation of Integrated Pest Management program in rice field.