MODIFIKASI KERATIN DARI BULU ITIK SEBAGAI FILTER LOGAM BERAT PADA PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH AIR ASAM TAMBANG BATUBARA DALAM SKALA LABORATORIUM

Abstract

This study aimed to (1) synthesize and characterize keratin from duck feathers by extraction method, (2) synthesize and characterize duck feather keratin composites- HDPE with from, (3) examine the performance of duck feather keratin-HDPE composites on Fe3+ absorption, and ( 4) tested the performance of HDPE-duckin keratin composite in the application of coal mine acid wastewater treatment. The research was conducted in a laboratory which included modification of duck feathers with three variations, namely with HCl-CH3OH, Na2S2O5 and NaOH. Prediction of the reaction mechanism is done by observing the results of FTIR. Fe analysis was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Making a modified Na2S2O5 duck feather composite. with polyethylene HDPE was carried out with 5 variations of the ratio between duck feathers- Na2S2O5 with HDPE. Samples were analyzed by SEM. The best adsorbent was tested continuously for adsorption capacity. Acid mine water treatment by neutralization and filtration, carried out with a design capacity of 100 liters, neutralization using NaOH dose of 26.2 g/m3 , flow rate of 2 L/min. The test parameters consisted of pH (SNI 06-6989.1), Total Suspended Solids (TSS) with SNI 06-6989.3, total Fe (SNI 6989.4) and Mn (SNI 6989.5:2009). The results of acid mine water treatment are compared with quality standards in accordance with South Kalimantan Governor Regulation Number 36 of 2008. The results showed that the addition of 10% NaOH to acid mine water was able to increase the pH and the process of increasing the pH was able to reduce the metal content of Mn to 31.95-39.27% and Fe 18.60-25.42%, with Rp. 327 rupiah/m3, In FTIR duck feathers showed an absorption of 3309 cm-1 indicating the presence of OH, 1651 cm-1 which indicated C=O absorption of carboxylic acids, 1527 cm-1 indicated NH and 1234 cm-1 indicated CN. Synthesis of keratin from duck feathers with HCl-CH3OH, Na2S2O5 and NaOH showed that there was a change in the wave number indicating that the keratin extraction process had occurred. The modified HCl-CH3OH, Na2S2O5 and NaOH duck feathers were contacted with a change in the absorption peaks of the existing functional groups, which proved the interaction between the adsorbent and Fe3+. Duck feather extraction can increase the adsorption capacity for CH3OH-HCl, Na2S2O5, which is 125.00 and 129.87 mg/g, but with NaOH, it decreases the adsorption capacity of 68.49 mg/g from 83.33 mg/g, with Adsorption model follows Freundlich. In the keratin-Na2S2O5-HDPE composite the FTIR spectrum at 1626.12 indicates a conjugated C=C bond C=O, this comes from maleic anhydride added during the manufacture of the composite, and at 2848 indicates CH2 from the ethylene group of HDPE. For the Fe adsorption model on keratin-Na2S2O5- HDPE composite followed Freundlich, with adsorption capacity of 97.087 mg/g and continuous adsorption capacity of Fe3+ by kerain-Na2S2O5-HDPE composite of 93.302 mg/g. The test results of the keratin-Na2S2O5-HDPE composite filter in the Coal mine acid water treatment continuously with the addition of 98% NaOH 26.12 g/m3, showed that the quality of the effuent that was continuously treated using keratin Na2S2O5P-HDPE composite filter was appropriate. with environmental quality standards for coal waste effluent in accordance with South Kalimantan Governor Regulation No. 036 of 2008 and Mining and Minister of Environment Decree No. 113 of 2003.