Bukti Korespondensi: Chemical Content and Anatomical Characteristics of Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Frond from South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

CHEMICAL CONTENT AND ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SAGO (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) FROND FROM SOUTH KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA. This research aims to evaluate the suitability of sago palm waste as a fiber raw material in terms of its chemical content and anatomical characteristics. The chemical content analysis of its extractive components, lignin, holocellulose, α-cellulose, and hemicellulose, was carried out using sago frond powder with a size of 40–60 mesh. Subsequently, functional group analysis was performed using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), while anatomical characterization was carried out by calculating the fiber length and diameter, lumen diameter, fiber derivative values, and wall thickness using a microscope connected to a digital camera. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) pictures were taken in different magnifications. The results showed that sago frond contains 31.6% α-cellulose and 38% lignin. The α-cellulose content was within the standard range for non-timber forest products, but the lignin content had a relatively high value. Based on the derived value, namely class II, sago frond can be used as pulp and paper raw materials.Keywords: Sago palm, Metroxylon sagu Rottb., anatomical characteristic, chemical content, FTIR KANDUNGAN KIMIA DAN KARAKTERISTIK ANATOMI PELEPAHSAGU (Metroxylon saguRottb.) DARI KALIMANTAN SELATAN. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kesesuaian limbah tanaman sagu (pelepah sagu) sebagai bahan baku pulp dan kertas berdasarkan kandungan kimia dan karakteristik anatominya. Serbuk pelepah bukuran 40–60 mesh digunakan dalam proses analisis kimia kayu. Kandungan kimia berupa ekstraktif, holoselulosa, α-Selulosa, dan hemiselulosa dan kadar lignin dianalisis dan selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). Penghitungan panjang dan diameter serat, diameter lumen, dan tebal dinding sel diukur untuk karakteristik anatomi selanjutnya perhitungan nilai turunan serat dihitung berdasar data yang didapat. Pengambilan gambar dengan beberapa perbesaran yang berbeda menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscop (SEM) dilakukan. Dari penelitian diperoleh data bahwa kadar α-selulosa dan kandungan lignin secara berurutan sebesar 31,585% dan 37,996%. Kadar ligninnya menunjukkan nilai yang relatif tinggi namun kandungan α-selulosa pelepah sagu menunjukkan nilai standar pada produk hasil hutan bukan kayu. Dari nilai turunan serat pelepah sagu tergolong kelas II sehingga dinilai memiliki kesesuaian untuk bahan baku pulp dan kertas. Kata kunci: Sagu, Metroxylon sagu Rottb., karakteristik anatomi, kandungan kimia, FTIR*Corresponding author: wiwintyas@ulm.ac.idIndonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol. 10 No. 2, October 2023, 185-194 ISSN 2355-7079/E-ISSN 2406-8195