Analysis of Voltage and Frequency Stability of Electric Power System Network with Photovoltaic-Based Generation Penetration

Abstract

The operation of distributed generation with renewable energy sources integrated with distribution networks through microgrids poses challenges in terms of operation and control. The drastic increase in the use of distributed generation creates problems in the form of voltage and frequency stability that will be disturbed due to rapid changes in generation and loading levels. If this condition is left unchecked, it could harm system security and reliability in terms of voltage and frequency stability which will be disrupted because of frequent variations in power production and loading levels. This study investigates voltage and frequency stability in microgrids because of the penetration of distributed generation with photovoltaic renewable energy sources in the power system using the virtual synchronous generator control technique. The virtual synchronous generator is a control alteration that enhances the capabilities of the power system so that voltage and frequency stability can be preserved and improved. The virtual synchronous generator control method with additional damping controllers that increase inertia with additional virtual inertia is used to simulate the speed of restoration of voltage and frequency stability of the power system due to the penetration of photovoltaic-based power plants. The simulation results show that at the time of penetration of photovoltaic-based power plants in the power system, there is a momentary instability in voltage and frequency, but it is immediately dampened by virtual synchronous generator control and can be quickly restored so that the stability of voltage and frequency is maintained.