THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEARNING MODEL GAWI MANUNTUNG TO INCREASE HIGH ORDER THINKING SKILLS AND DIGITAL LITERACY SKILLS ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Abstract

High order thinking skills and digital literacy are the important skills on the society 5.0 era. It must develop from elementary school students. Based on the result of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), more than 70% Indonesian students unable to answer the high order thinking skills question. The result make Indonesia reach ranked 68 out of 74 countries. Beside that, according to the survey of Indonesian communication and information ministry, digital literacy in Indonesia has not reach yet “good” level. According to observation and interviews with 500 elementary school teachers in South Borneo Indonesia, less than 35% of teachers design learning activity based on high order thinking skills and digital literacy. The solution is the innovative learning model is given the acronym GAWI MANUNTUNG, which stands for Group, Analysis, Work together, Inform, Solve the problem on outdoor, Actualization of the solution, Battle games, Unity on role play, Manage conclusion and Invent the creation. The GAWI MANUNTUNG model was designed based on the culture and the local wisdom of the Banjarmasin people. GAWI MANUNTUNG on Banjarmasin language means work together until we get the best result. This research described the effectiveness of society 5.0 skills using the GAWI MANUNTUNG learning method for fifth-grade students of Public Elementary School. We use the Research and Development (R&D) mixed with the classroom action research method. The Research and Development uses the 10 stage designed by Borg and Gall (research information, planning, designing the product, preliminary field testing, revision, main field testing, revision, operational field testing, final revision, dissemination) and to explore the effectiveness of learning model GAWI MANUNTUNG, we use quasi-experimental research, One group pretest-posttest design. The subjects include 500 students of fifth grade elementary school from 5 regency in South Kalimantan with the representative 5 school in every regency. Importantly, the research variables high order thinking skills include problem solving (PS), critical thinking (CT), Creative Thinking (CrT), analytical thinking (AT), and logical thinking (LT). And the variable digital literacy include information and data literation (IDL), communication (Cm), Collaboration (Cl) and technology skills (TS). The tests and non-test techniques were used to collect data on students’ high order thinking skills and digital literacy which were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that: 1) validation score of the learning model by 5 experts was get a very good criteria (X= 4.58) (SD = 0.12). It means that the learning model GAWI MANUNTUNG is valid, reliable, and feasible to be implemented on the preliminary, main and operational test. There was an increase in high order thinking skills from the first meeting to the last meeting. The average score in the pre test and post test from cycle 1 and las cycle of High Order Thinking Skills: PS was 1.65 increased to 4.78, CT was 2.57 increased to 4,78, CrT was 1.64 increased to 4.54, AT was 1.57 increased to 4.56, LT was 2.55 increased to 4.55 . The average score in the pre test and post test from cycle 1 and las cycle of digital literacy skills: IDL was 2.65 increased to 4.78, Cm was 2.57 increased to 4.56, Cl was 2.64 increased to 4.61, TS was 1.55 increased to 4.65. This study concludes that the learning model GAWI MANUNTUNG effective to increase high order thinking skills and digital literacy skills