Distribution of major diseases of shallot in South Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

Shallot is a vegetable crop with high economic value, but its productivity in Indonesia is still relatively low. One of the causes is due todiseases. The research was conducted from November 2017 to April 2018, with the purpose of studying the distribution of major diseases of shallots in South Kalimantan. It consisted of field, laboratory, and greenhouse research. Field research includedthe survey of shallots’ extensive planting in eight villages of six districts in South Kalimantan, disease symptoms, the broad of attack, and the collection of secondary data. Laboratory research included the isolation and identification of the pathogen causing diseases. The greenhouse research was conducted to perform the Postulate Koch test. The research resultsshowed that there were two major diseases of shallots, namely Moler and Anthracnose. Pathogen causing Moler disease(Fusariumoxysporum) attacked shallot plantsin six districts(Tabalong, Balangan, Tanah Laut, Kotabaru, Tapin, and Banjarbaru) and pathogen causing Anthracnose disease(Colletotrichumsp) attacked shallot plantsin five districts(Tabalong, Balangan, Tanah Laut, Kotabaru, and Tapin).