dc.contributor.author |
Mirwan, Agus |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Putra, Meilana Dharma |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Liu, Jhy-Chern |
|
dc.contributor.author |
S, Susianto |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Altway, Ali |
|
dc.contributor.author |
Handogo, Renanto |
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2023-01-17T03:05:11Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2023-01-17T03:05:11Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2020-04 |
|
dc.identifier.issn |
1614-7499 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
https://repo-dosen.ulm.ac.id//handle/123456789/26820 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
Water treatment sludge (WTS) is abundantly produced in the world; the waste contributes to the environmental problems. Therefore, for WTS utilization, aluminum leaching was employed using hydrochloric acid in this study. Al leaching efficiency increased from 72% to 80% as hydrochloric acid concentration increased from 1 to 4 M. Decreasing the particle size and increasing the temperature increased Al leaching efficiency. The proposed kinetic model revealed that the rate-controlling step followed a series of two leaching mechanisms: initially controlled by product-layer diffusion and then by a chemically controlled reaction. For instance, at 70 °C, the initial stage is well fitted by product-layer diffusion (R2 = 0.87) compared to R2 =0.60 for chemical reaction; while for the second stage, R2 = 0.95 was observed via chemical reaction compared to R2 = 0.74 for productlayer diffusion. The activation energies in these two stages were 9.58 kJ/mol and 10.73 kJ/mol, respectively. The proposed model was well validated by using data from literature and thus will be useful for other applications of leaching and extraction processes |
en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship |
The first author is grateful for Sandwich-Like Program from the Directorate General of Science & Technology Resource and Higher Education (DGSTRHE), Republic of Indonesia in collaboration with National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (Taiwan Tech) Taiwan |
en_US |
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_US |
dc.publisher |
Springer Nature Switzerland AG |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Waste |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Environmental problem |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Mechanism |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Model |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Chemical surface |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Diffusion |
en_US |
dc.subject |
Removal |
en_US |
dc.title |
Aluminum leaching from water treatment sludge using hydrochloric acid and kinetic study |
en_US |
dc.type |
Article |
en_US |