Abstract:
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by an arbovirus that enters the human body
through the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is characterized by symptoms,
headache; reddish skin that looks like measles; and muscle and joint pain. The spread of dengue
hemorrhagic fever (DHF) globally has tended to be higher in the last 50 years, thus giving rise to ideas
for systematic prevention. Many factors cause this dengue fever, climate factors, weather, residential
density, and other factors. The Epidemiological Model of DHF can provide a pattern of prevention
against dengue outbreaks so that this problem can be modeled mathematically and through the
stability of the equilibrium point, the dynamics or behavior of the model can be determined. The spread
of DHF can be suppressed by providing control in the form of vaccines, eradication with insecticides
and treatment. This review article aims to provide a systematic description of the causative factors, a
mathematical model of DHF with an epidemiological approach. To get the right model related to the
SIR epidemiological mathematical model and its modifications which can be an alternative solution to
describe and analyze the model mathematically. The methodology used is to systematically search
for journals and articles from August 2021 to April 2022. This is done by accessing electronic journal
portals such as: Elsevier, Springer, ResearchGate, google scholar, Scient direct and so on. Other
references also use national journals and information on the Ministry of Health's website. The results
of a review of factors that cause dengue fever are physical environmental factors that have a significant
influence on rainfall and air temperature. Mathematical models with Optimal Control can be used as
an alternative to mathematical analysis which is expected to help solutions to reduce the spread of
dengue fever. The recommendation given is to investigate the disease-causing factors from the
chemical aspect related to the chemical effect in water that influences the growth of mosquito larvae
in water which can indirectly affect DHF disease and involves these parameters in mathematical
models and optimal control.
KEYWORDS
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Mathematical Model, Optimal Control
