Upgrading of slow pyrolysis Eleocharis Dulcis bio-oils through vacuum distillation

Abstract

The goal of this research is to develop and characterize bio-oil upgrading from pyrolysis Eleocharis Dulcis (ED) using the vacuum distillation process. Bio-oil from slow-pyrolysis Eleocharis Dulcis (ED) was employed as the feedstock. The distillation experiments were performed at temperatures ranging from 96, 97, 98, 99, and 100 °C, respectively. After that, the feedstock was distilled to separate the different fuel components. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC–MS) analysis was used to properly quantify a typical bio-oil component. The findings indicate that a common critical point was widely present during the distillation process, which may be attributed to a stable system generated by hydrogen bonding. The result showed that Acetic acid, propanone, and phenol were dominant with the concentration ranges of 20–50%, 12–20%, and 13–39.6%, respectively. The extensive distillation characteristics and product distribution contribute to a deeper understanding of the reaction process and component enrichment patterns, which helps with design and parameter optimization.