Karakterisasi Kromosom Varietas Padi lokal "Siam Mutiara" asal lahan rawa pasang surut, Kalimantan Selatan

Abstract

Local rise varieties or rice landscape (Oryza sativa L.) has importance meaning for plant genetic resources management, especially in germplasm conservation and breeding program. This study was conducted to determine the genetic identity of Siam Mutiara, a local rise variety (O. Sativa) of South Kalimantan tidal swamp area, based on chromosom character. The cromosomal study was carried out using a modified squash method. Mitosis period of this varietymainly occured from 12.00-13.00 a.m (WITA-center indonesia time). Promethaphase stages of rice landdrace was commonly found at 12.30 a.m (WITA). The variety displayed chromosome number of 2n=24 (diploid) and the karyotipe of 23 metacentric and 1 submetacentric (11M+1SM) chromosomes wuth no satellite found in this study. The chromosome of the complemet in O. Sativa variety exhibited total lenght from 1.01 µm to 2.79 µm. This findingcould be very useful for rice breeding program and germplasm conservation in South Kalimantan pecualiarly.