The Quality of Rat Brain Spatial Memory and Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor (PPAR) Which Fed with Seluang (Rasbora spp.)

Abstract

Seluang fish (Rasbora spp.) besides contain high protein also contain an essential fatty acids (PUFA), which can increase intelligence. The objective of this research was to prove that Seluang fish is one of the nutrient source to increase the spatial memory and expression of PPAR brain tissue by using Rattus norvegicus as a model. Rats were divided into 3 groups: control group were fed standard (C), Treatment Group 1 were fed low-protein and fat (P1), Group Treatment 2 (P2) were fed standard with Seluang Formula, for 8 weeks. The first phase was to testing spatial memory using the Morris Water Maze. The second phase, was the making brain tissue’s slide preparation, immunohistochemical stained, calculated the percentage of PPARα and PPARγ expression. The data analysed using ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test with a 95% confidence level. The first phase results showed the percentage of period time in the target area for the P2 group is the highest compared to the C and P1 group, respectively 33.52%; 29.9%; and 23.15% (p = 0.021). On PPARα and PPARγ examination showed the average percentage of PPARα neurons expression in group P2 is higher than the C and P1 group, respectively 18.5%, 3.75% and 2.5% (p = 0.002) Average percentage of total PPARγ neuronan cells expression in P2 group also higher than the C and P1 group, respectively 35.41%, 6.25% and 5.83% (p = 0.001). The study shows that rats fed with Seluang Fish Formula able to improved the brain tissue’s spatial memory and PPAR expression.