The Role of Cadmium in Proteins Glycation by Glucose: Formation of Methylglyoxal and Hydrogen Peroxide in Vitro

Abstract

Abstract—Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that be a source of concern for industrial workers and it was proposed in the formation of advance glycation end products (AGEs) such as methylglyoxal (MG). MG have recently attracted much attention because of their possible clinical significance in chronic and age- related diseases. Based on previous research, methylglyoxal formation can be accelerated by metals in vitro. The role of Cd in the formation of MG and hydrogen peroxide has not been much studied. Thus, our study aims to measure the formation rate of MG and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of Cd in vitro. This research was divided into 4 groups (1 control group and 3 treatment groups), than we set carbonyl compound assay, methylglyoxals assay, and hydrogen peroxide assay. For analyzing of the data, SPSS software version 17 was used and was examined by ANOVA and regression correlation test. For all outcomes, a nominal p-value of p < 0,05 was considered significant. We found that there are significant correlation between Cd exposure on the formation of hydrogen peroxide and methylglyoxal (p < 0,05) in nonenzymatic glycation of proteins by glucose. The increased Cd level accelerate the formation of methylglyoxal and hydrogen peroxide.