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Changes in water and sediment quality and the presence of heavy metals are closely related to anthropogenic activities and pollution that enter the mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to compare water and sediment quality as well as heavy metal pollution from lead (Pb) in mangrove ecosystems affected by anthropogenic activities (oil palm plantations and mining) in South Kalimantan. The research was carried out for 4 months (June untilSeptember 2019)fromfour villages (Kuala Tambangan, Bunati,Angsana and Setarap) in South Kalimantan Province. The sampling method is purposive sampling at three points (estuary, middle and inner) of the mangrove ecosystem. Data analysis was performed descriptively while differences in each location were tested using bivariate analysis (Pearson). The results showed that the water quality at the four observation sites was above the standard of Government Regulation number82 of 2001. The four highest parameter values were found in Kuala Tambangan village including: total dissolved solids (TDS) reaching ± 8.005 mg/L, nitrite (NO2) as N (± 0.13 mg/L), nitrate (NO3) as N (±0.11 mg/L)and color levels that reach ±129.33 ptCo. The other two highest parameters : turbidity reached ±16.01 NTU and dissolved oxygen (DO) around ±5.92 mg/L in Setarap Village, and another the highest pH in Bunati Village (± 7.54). The average value of heavy metals in Lead (Pb)is also above the standard of the Minister Decree of Environment in 2004, recorded in waters 0.04 -0.36 mg/L (highest in Angsana Village ±0.31 mg/L) and sediment 0.01 -17.43 mg/L (highest in Angsana Village ±15.05 mg/L). Sediment water content value from 0.16 until7.32%(The highest from Kuala Tambangan village6.6%), and organic sediment content between 0.61 -10.33% (The highest in Angsana village 7.8%). Bivariate analysis results to distinguish the sampling locations showed that the most differences between the mangrove ecosystems in Angsana and Setarap Village (8 differences)especially : Nitrites (NO2) as N (α = 0,000), Nitrates (NO3) as N (α = 0,000), pH (α = 0,000), Color (α = 0,000), and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) (α = 0,000), as well as sediment water content (α = 0,000) and heavy metal Pb content in water and sediments (α = 0,000) ). |
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