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Abstract
Ralstonia solanacearum is a bacterial wilt disease in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. These
bacteria have been scattered in banana (kepok: local Indonesia) planting which is a superior
commodity, with a loss rate of almost 70-80%. Since 2007 the losses due to this disease have
increased until mid-2014, the high level loss of resulted 100% . The purpose of this research
was to determine the extent of the strain diversity and distribution of these bacteria extensively
both of which attacked bananas, as well as alternative host plants in South Kalimantan.
Methods used (1) Field surveys to districts that planted many banana and bacterial wilt disease,
dyeing test on sterile water to ascertain the cause, (2) The sampling of plants attacked by climber
and plant samples around the bacterial wilt disease, identification on nutrient agar (NA) and
triphenyl tetrazolium chaloride (TZC). Results that the bacteria were found in all districts in
South Kalimantan, with no different diversity, the appearance of bacteria on NA and TZC, showed a round shape colony with serrated, middle red and clear surrounding edges. Distribution
of bacteria ranging from the district of Banjar, Tanah Laut, Banjarbaru, Tapin and to the farthest
district Tabalong and Kotabaru. The highest level of attacks in the districts of Banjar,
Banjarbaru and Kotabaru (100%). Other host plants found as many as 8 species in Banjar and
Banjarbaru. Conclusion of the distribution of this bacteria is evenly distributed in South
Kalimantan, the level of strain diversity is not different and found many alternative host plants.
Key words : Strain, bacterial wilt disease, Ralstonia solanacearum, banana. |
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