Highly sulfonated carbonaceous spheres with diameter of 100-500 nm can be generated by hydrothermal carbonization of glucose in the presence of hydroxyethylsulfonic acid and acrylic acid at 180 ◦C for 4 h. The acidity ...

A sulfonated carbon acid catalyst (C–SO3H) was successfully generated from palm empty fruit bunch (PEFB) carbon via hydrothermal sulfonation via the addition of hydroxyethylsulfonic acid and citric acid. The C– SO3H catalyst ...

Clay mineral (montmorillonite) based nanocomposites was modified their surface functional groups for removal of Pb(II) and As(V) of aqueous solution. Magnetic nanoparticles with an amine functionalized surface (MH) ...